The millefiori technique used in the mid-19th century was probably little different from that perfected by glassmakers in ancient times. Thin colored glass rods, bundled to create a complex design in cross section, were softened and pulled out to form a pencil-thin cane many yards long. After the cane had been annealed, it was cut into individual slices containing the same miniature design. Many slices of different canes could be placed side by side to create a rich carpet that looked like a meadow of wildflowers. Characteristic patterns help collectors identify the makers of paperweights. Pink-petaled roses were a motif frequently used by many manufacturers. At the Clichy factory near Paris, the rose was combined with the company name to form a signature cane.